法助動詞を使いこなす！Can/Could・Will/Would・May/Might　etc…

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Modals

 

Modals are special verbs that behave irregularly in English. It can also be termed as modal verbs or modal auxiliary verbs or modal auxiliaries. They give additional information about the function of the main verb that follows it.

 

法助動詞とは、英語で不規則に変化する動詞です。法動詞、法助動詞は主動詞の時制を変えたり、可能性を示したりする働きがあります。法助動詞は、文中の動詞に更なる意味を付け加える事ができます。

 

Here is a list of modal verbs:

  • Can/Could
  • May/Might
  • Will/Would
  • Shall/Should
  • Must
  • Ought to
  • Had better
  • Need not

 

Modal Usage Example
Can/Can’t

 

 -General or specific ability

-Doubt

 

-Permission/Polite request

 I can speak Spanish.

 

It can’t be Mark. He doesn’t like standing in front.

Can I use your computer?
Could/Couldn’t (Past) -Past ability

 

-Probability (40%)

-Request

 He could speak Spanish when he was 8 years old.

He could go to the theater.

Could you tell me the way to the train station?
May/May not

Might/Might not

 -Permission

-Probability (50%)

 May I use the pen?

She might join the musical play.
Will/Will not -Wish/Desire

-In the future

 -I will buy a new phone.

-This weekend, I will be in London.
Would/Wouldn’t -Polite request

 

-Invitation

 –Would you mind if I opened the window?

–Would you like to go out sometimes?
Must/Mustn’t -Obligation

 

-Firm necessity

 

-Probability

 -I must pay my bank loans for 3 years.

-She must eat some fruit and vegetables.

-They must need some lawyer for that.
Shall/Shall not -Intention -I shall give her flowers on her birthday.
Should/Should not -Necessity

 

-Advice

 -I should be ready for the math exam.

-I think you should buy the blue one.
Ought to/Ought not to -Moral duty

-Insistent advice

-Strict recommendation

 -We ought to follow traffic rules.

-You ought to see a doctor.

-Ariana ought to stop eating to much fatty dishes.

Learn when and how to use modals.

 

 

 

Check your understanding through this short quiz.

  1. My sister (can, could) swim when she was six.
  2. You (will, should) visit your dentist at least twice a year.
  3. I (must, will) practice for the play tomorrow.
  4. Annicah (couldn’t, ought to) play the piano when she was 8.
  5. Tim (will, can’t) call the police because he doesn’t know the contact number.

 

 

Answer:

  1. Could
  2. Should
  3. Must
  4. Couldn’t
  5. Can’t

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